The Ese Ejja speak their own language, which belongs to the Takaná language family, a small South American language family. The various clans speak different dialects, which are very similar in Bolivia.
The language of the Ese Ejja native to Peru differs from the other expressions. The Ese Ejja have little contact with the rest of the population of the country – actually only when they go to the market to sell the surplus of their products.
However, the Ese Ejja have retained a large part of their cultural peculiarities. For example, it is still a tradition that men live with their wives after the wedding – a man can have several wives, mostly sisters.
The independent settlements are equipped with a communal house, there is no real head. The younger get advice from the elders of the village or from the shamans.
Due to the remoteness in which the Ese Ejja live, their language and culture could be maintained, but they belong to the poorest inhabitants of Peru – only about two thirds of the children attend school, the people are not connected to the health system. However, some of the young people have a university education – this shows that modern life reaches even the most remote regions.